Dudded, Stunted, and Runted plants...

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Judaz

Judaz

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The research I’ve done suggests that having a viroid is like having let’s the HIV virus in a human. By being able to maintain the plants defensive system strong, theoretically the viroid should be kept at bay by the plant itself. And allow the plant to finish its cycle. The idea is to not have mother plants but keep taking cuts from the healthiest tops in veg and at the same time weeding out the duds that may appear during veg. And only sending the strongest plants into flower. The way I’ve always done things in the past. And maybe the plant may have had the viroid all along but my previous practices were working in my favor by the way I was taking clones. It would be nice to prove this theory correct so other with the same issue of dudding can manage this process. Ultimately the meristem cell culture procedure needs to be done and when it’s done and I have the plant back to it’s original state. I will go and fix everyone’s else cuts that have my strain to end the viroid cycle. In the meantime we will not give this strain out to anyone unless they are willingly and acknowledge to take the risk hazards and agree not to pass it to others until we can truly fix the problem.
 
Judaz

Judaz

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Don't affect people as far as we know. Science changes... Smoking used to be considered harmless and endorsed by the surgeon general.

there’s been a lot of research done on other crops with viroids outside cannabis and none of the studies are showing that they can harm humans and pass viroids. Same way human viruses don’t affect plants. If you find or run into anything contradicting my research please share.
 
MIMedGrower

MIMedGrower

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Sounds like a band aid. The hop virus is spreading now. Your cut did not do this in the past.

“Legal” weed is going to ruin weed for everyone it seems.

All for the mighty dollar.
 
Aqua Man

Aqua Man

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there’s been a lot of research done on other crops with viroids outside cannabis and none of the studies are showing that they can harm humans and pass viroids. Same way human viruses don’t affect plants. If you find or run into anything contradicting my research please share.
Sorry to disappoint bro.... Only anicdotal
 
Judaz

Judaz

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If your grow affects someone elses you sure are hurting humans.

yes but it’s him insisting on working with the plants. I’ve offered to get him different Og kush like an sfv or Larry and he does not want to. So if he’s aware of the riskand is willing to take it it’s on him.

Think of it like this. You buy poultry at the store that may contain salmonella if you don’t cook it right but it’s still being sold with the health hazard warning. The act of burning a bowl will kill any potential viroids that may exist but from what I’m finding out is that all viroids cannot exist without a living host. They need a living organism to stay alive. If the plant is dead so is the viroid.
 
MIMedGrower

MIMedGrower

17,190
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Now you are justifying.

Its his decision but the plants are in your place. The only right decision is fire i you are trying to stop the spread of disease.

But dont worry. The food companies will poison humans for money so i guess it could be much worse.

A friend works at a frozen vegetable storage facility. The place next door was found to have an ecoli breakout. It shares a common wall and bathrooms with the storage company.

They pack individual boxes of loose veggies on both sides.

Only the food in the infected freezer was thrown out. The infected place got closed for cleaning and renovations but next door they are still handling the product and nothing was done at all there.


The veggies are being packed and sent to stores all over. They get nice boxes that say birds eye and kroger on them.

So millions of people can be exposed.

And it happens all over the industry every day.
 
TDVMike

TDVMike

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If you have the time and would like to read more on the subject. As you'll learn in the Conf Call Q and A's this will not go away anytime soon but there are solutions through testing and inoculating. It spreads mechanically/physically via touching and also by insects from plant to plant . It's like an STD. After pruning and training a plant, One Tool Use Only per plant and new gloves before moving to the next plant. I would bleach and then alcohol clean the tool with a sterile wipe after each plant touching.
I you leave the video running after the conf call the next video clip is an interview/experience with the growers themselves.

dark-heart-lab-confirms-hplvd-transmission-through-seed

 
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TDVMike

TDVMike

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The Cultivators interview didn't make it on to my previous post. Lot's of good growing best practices to share.

 
Judaz

Judaz

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If you have the time and would like to read more on the subject. As you'll learn in the Conf Call Q and A's this will not go away anytime soon but there are solutions through testing and inoculating. It spreads mechanically/physically via touching and also by insects from plant to plant . It's like an STD. After pruning and training a plant, One Tool Use Only per plant and new gloves before moving to the next plant. I would bleach and then alcohol clean the tool with a sterile wipe after each plant touching.
I you leave the video running after the conf call the next video clip is an interview/experience with the growers themselves.

dark-heart-lab-confirms-hplvd-transmission-through-seed


Have you dealt with this issue before? If so have you been able to manage it or have had to done the cell tissue culture procedure?
 
TDVMike

TDVMike

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3
Have you dealt with this issue before? If so have you been able to manage it or have had to done the cell tissue culture procedure?
As I've personally not had the cell culture done I can't say for sure. One of mine made is to harvest but with a substantial loss in volume. I think with so many new hybrids coming out these days, the viroid can spread fairly quickly. This cultivators in the interview work for +-20K plant companies and I'd wager they that they only buy test clones from the best breeders and what they shared about some of those growths going fully bad, that's not a good sign for the industry.
If the affected plants can be discarded promptly and sterile best practices are used religiously AND testing/inoculating is successfully accomplished, then the industry can get through this one. Also important to not have any plant touching each other in dense canopy grows.
 
2birds

2birds

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I and many other members on the farm have been searching for a thread on this to no avail. Hopefully this thread helps us figure out what, exactly, this dudding syndrome is.


So when I clone off of a mother plant I have a few genetics that will throw "duds". dud plants grow regular until some point in the first two months when they will suddenly stop normal growth, throw out tiny leaves with lots (7-9) of blades, lots of nodes, and usually will throw large mature pistils at the nodes. Trying to bend the branches usually will break the branch off, and over time the plant's healthy leaves will turn necrotic and begin twisting/dying.

Plants that dud out never produce a decent yield and almost always have a sub-par smell (if any) and very few trichomes. They also smoke like shit.

I'll dig through for some pictures but it's strangely difficult to photograph, even next to a comparison plant.

Any ideas as to what we're seeing? I'm looking near and far for a lab that can do testing for various viruses, the top of the list are Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (transmitted by aphids) and Fusarium, although these syptoms don't match the syptoms of fusarium I've heard reports from commercial growers of duds testing positive.

Another possibility is a carbon drain on the plant due to an overabundance of nutrient-mobilizing fungi, @DowNwithDirT was looking into this and hopefully can swing in to shed some light (he's been busy winning cups and popping beans so we'll see)

Even still, it could be caused by some sort of change in the media when soilless media is overwatered (oxygen deprivation : overfertilization?) since this problem seems to be mostly in soilless mixes.


let's go, what you got to add?!

This post has been edited to add the following:
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PRESS RELEASE: Paid content from Business Wire
Press release content from Business Wire. The AP news staff was not involved in its creation.
Dark Heart Nursery Identifies New Pathogen, Creates Patent-Pending Process for Testing and Eliminating Cannabis “Dudding”
March 7, 2019
OAKLAND, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Mar 7, 2019--Dark Heart Nursery (DHN) proudly announces that it is the first organization to positively identify hop latent viroid (HpLVd) as the cause of “dudding” in cannabis. Since 2018, DHN has also been successfully testing for and eliminating HpLVd through a patent-pending clean plant process.
On the heels of this groundbreaking completed research, the company has also announced that project lead Dr. Jeremy Warren has officially joined DHN as Director of Plant Health.
“The positive identification of the HpLVd pathogen and our patent-pending clean plant process to test for and eliminate it represent a significant advance towards keeping cannabis crops healthy and supporting long-term business growth for cultivators,” said Dan Grace, Founder and President of Dark Heart Nursery. “With Dr. Warren at the helm, we are incredibly excited to now offer diagnostic and curative services for HpLVd to licensed cannabis businesses in California, as well as continue our research in identifying and eradicating additional cannabis-infecting pathogens.”

“Dudding” is a colloquial name for a variety of symptoms, which include loss of vigor, stunting, reduction in yield, reduction in potency and changes in morphology. The syndrome was codified in 2017 by Dr. Rick Crum who first coined the phrase “Putative Cannabis Infectious Agent” (PCIA) to describe it. In 2015, Dr. Crum reported that as many as 35 percent of observed plants showed PCIA symptoms.
In 2017, Dark Heart Nursery began working with Dr. Warren to determine the cause of PCIA. Symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were collected, and next generation RNA sequencing was performed to determine a probable cause of the disease. After analysis of the results in November 2017, it was determined that Hop latent viroid (HpLVd) was the most likely candidate pathogen. A genetic test was then developed to aid in differentiating healthy plants from infected plants.
“It is important to note that finding a potential pathogen within a plant was only the first step in determining if the pathogen is indeed causing the disease in question,” said Dr. Warren. “To demonstrate causality, healthy plants were inoculated with an infectious clone of HpLVd to confirm that the developed symptoms were consistent with PCIA. Our team monitored these infected plants, as well as controlled (healthy) plants for three months to track symptom development. After this time, it was apparent that the HpLVd-infected plants were showing symptoms consistent with PCIA, such as yellowing of leaves, malformed leaves and stunted growth. These results confirmed that HpLVd is causing PCIA symptoms in cannabis.”

In 2014, DHN established the cannabis industry’s first tissue culture laboratory. Among other areas of research, this lab has focused on the development of clean plant protocols through which cannabis can be cured of pathogens and cataloged for later use. Under the leadership of Research Manager Will Roberts, the company developed a patent-pending clean process, which is capable of reliably eliminating HpLVd from infected specimens. For the last year, Dr. Warren’s discovery and subsequent diagnostic tests have allowed DHN’s lab team to reliably and demonstrably eliminate HpLVd. To date, 31 varietals have been cured of the disease.
ABOUT DARK HEART NURSERY
Dark Heart Nursery is one of California’s oldest and most respected cannabis nurseries. Based in Oakland, California, the company employs 63 staff members at three locations and focuses on producing ultra-high-quality pest and disease-free plants. Dark Heart Nursery also invests substantially in research, plant genetics and pathology to ensure its customers are always afforded the best chance of success. For more information visit darkheartnursery.com
Dark Heart Nursery is now offering diagnostic and curative services for HpLVd to licensed cannabis businesses throughout California. It is likely that there are other unidentified pathogens which infect cannabis; DHN’s team is available to identify suspect pathogens on a contract basis. DHN’s team is also available for general consulting engagements. Interested parties should contact Melanie Nash at [email protected].
ABOUT DR. JEREMY WARREN
Dr. Jeremy Warren received his B.S. degree in biochemistry from the University of California at Davis in 2000 and his Ph.D. in Plant Pathology from the University of California at Davis in 2015. He pursued postdoctoral research at the University of California at Davis and has over 20 years of experience in the field of plant pathology. He recently accepted a position at Dark Heart Nursery as Director of Plant Health.
ABOUT WILL ROBERTS
Will Roberts has a B.S. in Soil Science from Humboldt State University and a M.S. in Environmental Management from the University of San Francisco. He has over a decade of agricultural research experience and has been with Dark Heart Nursery since 2012, including nearly five years of experience in cannabis tissue culture.
ABOUT HOP LATENT VIROID (HpLVd)
Hop latent viroid
(HpLVd) was first characterized in Humulus lupulus (hop) plants (Putcha et al. 1988). The initial research suggested it was a minor pathogen in hops; however, recent research has shown that infection with HpLVd can have a significant impact on yields and secondary metabolite production (Adams et al. 1991, Barbara et al. 1990, Matoušek 1994). These yield and metabolite impacts seem to be even more pronounced in cannabis. If plants are showing symptoms of HpLVd infection, there are a few actions to consider. Always remove infected plants from the growing area to prevent spread. HpLVd, like many viroids, has been shown to be primarily mechanically transmitted, so strong nursery sanitation protocols are necessary when pruning and processing plants. The secondary means of HpLVd transmission are not yet fully understood. However, other viroids in the Cocadviroid genus have been shown to be pollen and seed transmissible. This suggests that HpLVd may also be transmitted in a similar manner, but further study is required. Insect transmission of viroids is also still being studied. Cannabis plants can be carriers for HpLVd without showing any outward symptoms of the disease. For this reason, it is important to test all the plants in a mother block for HpLVd infection and to purchase clean plant materials whenever possible. Although the company’s work did not include any hemp varietals, it is highly likely that HpLVd also impacts that crop.
www.darkheartnursery.com
RESOURCES:
Visual Resources - https://goo.gl/LhE8k1
REFERENCES:
A.N. Adams, D.J. Barbara, A. MortonEffects of hop latent viroid on weight and quality of the cones of the hop cultivar Wye Challenger
Ann. Appl. Biol., 118 (1991), pp. 126-127
D.J. Barbara, A. Morton, A.N. Adams, C.P. GreenSome effects of hop latent viroid on two cultivars of hop ( Humulus lupulus ) in the UK
Ann. Appl. Biol., 117 (1990), pp. 359-366
J. Matoušek, L. Trnĕná, P. Svoboda, P. RůžkováAnalysis of hop latent viroid (HLVd) in commercial hop clones in Czech Republic
Rostlinná výroba, 40 (1994), pp. 973-983
H. Puchta, K. Ramm, H.L. SängerThe molecular structure of hop latent viroid (HLV), a new viroid occurring world-wide in hops
Nucleic Acids Res., 16 (1988), pp. 4197-4216


View source version on businesswire.com:https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190307005678/en/
CONTACT: Dark Heart Nursery –[email protected]
Media Inquiries: Laura Braden Quigley [email protected]
KEYWORD: UNITED STATES NORTH AMERICA CALIFORNIA
INDUSTRY KEYWORD: HEALTH ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE NATURAL RESOURCES AGRICULTURE RESEARCH SCIENCE
SOURCE: Dark Heart Nursery
Copyright Business Wire 2019.
PUB: 03/07/2019 01:48 PM/DISC: 03/07/2019 01:48 PM
http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190307005678/en


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Judaz

Judaz

476
93
New observations when dealing with clones that contain the viroid.

1) trays that were taken from tops on veg after 2 weeks seem to be weaker than the trays that were taken at 3rd week of veg. Reasoning is probably because during the 3rd week the plant is flourishing and growing much faster than it was a week before. Therefore the tops that grew in third week grew faster, and outran the viroid much better than in week 2 and they would have less concentration of the viroid therefore rooted faster and showed much less yellowing of leaves.

2) after 7-8 days start opening your vents and training your clones to get used to being without a humidity dome. Anything that is lagging or wilting is best to just get rid off because they will most likely dud as they are weak as it is.

3) by day 10 start removing dead leaves and yellow leaves. Defoliate to kill any viroids that are left in old leaf matter so you minimize contaminating your new leaves that are forming.

4) you can start to bend branches to see if you find the brittle ones. The brittle branches are a signal that the clone has a higher concentration of the viroids in that specific plant and will most likely dud.

5) on another test that I took clones from a veg with thriving tops. I soaked the clones in 10% bleach water solution for 15-20 min. And then rinsed them out soaking them with distilled water. So far they seem very healthy and looking real good. No yellowing signs like other trays that were not soaked. Also rooting seems to be ahead a day or two from the other trays. Started seeing roots in day 5 which I haven’t seen in a very long time. Lately it’s like 8-9 days before I see rooting signs.


Updates in flowering;


Middle of second week of flower on my boy’s place where the dudding started and spread. And plants look healthy. No signs of dudding. Branches getting thicker and still growing up. Seems that there is truly a way to get things back on track and start lowering the concentration of the viroid within successions of generations of clones thus making the strain stronger over time with simple sterilization and good cloning practices described on this thread. Plants had aids. The goal is to lower the viroid low enough so it’s just HIV and not aids. Duds are aids. The strain can still live and be like Magic Johnson...

 
MadSciNtst

MadSciNtst

112
28
when talking about stunted growth I’m thinking this...this just happened to me. Spoke to a member about it. Not sure what happened but this was the result

So here's a shot of a dudded out plant next to a healthy one


View attachment 406818

And a close shot of a healthy top (left) and a dudded top (right)
View attachment 406820

Notice how the dud leaves are all the same size, shiny, and have very deep serration on the margin. Stems are weak and break easily if flexed. Node devolpment is twice the average but is weaker and smaller.
View attachment 406821
 
47F8857F 2182 4810 A8E6 9DB01A6951F4
weedtech

weedtech

Supporter
419
93
Enjoyed the conference a few posts back. I missed all that somehow last year.

Hmmm. Less or fewer reported symptoms from outdoor growers. That would seem important.
Dense indoor plantings.
That would have me wonder about the spectrum they use indoors and how robust HpLVd is under UV-B. DH has a hardening step, they mention temp and such but not spectrum. I'm happy they identified a pathogen but I'm thinking they geeked out a bit on the cure and really like those sequencing machines.
And a patent, no less. Come on DH, open source yer stuff if you are all about that knowledge.
 
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weedtech

weedtech

Supporter
419
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I had suspected something was up when the BlackJack ( normally one of the loudest fragrances ) stopped smelling like Jack.

Spiky phenotype on what usually is a broad indica type leaf. Dense canopy, so not larfy and sparse. But apparently trichome challenged in a serious way. So this one is fucked and not even good hemp. Both of that strain are showing the same phenotype expression.

I have some others - Lemongrass and Platinum Skittles that are getting ripe but they don't seem to be infected. I tried moving outside to see if that might mitigate the apparent problem - and it didn't seem to help the BlackJack at all.

This does seem to be a thing. I'd grown a fuckton of that BlackJack but never saw this pheno before.



Spiky dud   1


Spiky dud   1 5
1597365923410

Spiky dud   1 3

Spiky dud   1 2
Spiky dud   1 1


The Lemongrass looks fine -
Lemongrass   1
Lemongrass   1 1
 
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weedtech

weedtech

Supporter
419
93
I've noticed the flood gates have opened for clone sales. I'm pretty sure my HpLVd came from clones I purchased at my dispensary.
So I'm going the seed route fer awhile. I kept wondering if I had flu - because the BlackJack just didn't smell like it should. The pheno expression in the flower ( spiky, few trichomes, lack of stretch ) seems to show those cuttings were infected.
 
Vulcanofilo

Vulcanofilo

13
3
Llevamos años esparciendo esto por todo el mundo

También están dentro de las semillas.

Mira foto de sensideeds superskunt y demás bancos
 
Vulcanofilo

Vulcanofilo

13
3
Romano herrante en icmag lo dijo todo hace 15 años.

Hay muchos virus y viroides juntos ,

Los principales bancos de semillas lo tienen y esparcen.



Hablo desde España
 
Vulcanofilo

Vulcanofilo

13
3
[QUOTE = "Judaz, publicación: 2312869, miembro: 65266"]
trapos o ok? ¿Qué piensan ustedes? Un lugar que he estado tratando de limpiar y que estaba lleno de trapos antes. Primero se deshizo de todos los errores. Luego trabajó en la formación de raíces. Enzimas y probióticos. Estuve rociando aspirina. Los tallos se doblan de nuevo y no se parten. Se corrigieron los que eran recuperables y mataban a todo lo que estaba demasiado mutado. OG Kush que vino de Florida a Los Ángeles en 1996. Un poco mal alimentada, pero me gusta ejecutarla así para obtener nuevos esquejes. Puedes ver el amarillo en las hojas inferiores.trapos
[/CITAR]
 
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