IPM- Predacious insect/fungi list

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BartDman

BartDman

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I put together my research on predatory insects for biological control of cannabis pests.

Aphid midge larvae- Aphid midges consume about 60 different species of aphids, including those that attack vegetable crops, ornamentals and fruit trees. Voracious feeders, aphid midges can be more effective at managing an aphid infestation than ladybugs and lacewings.

Cantharidae -soldier beetles- known commonly as leatherwings. Adults eat nectar, pollen, other insects; larvae are fluid-feeding predators, feed on insect eggs and larvae.

Ponerine ant- Can prey on root aphids

Hypnoponera opacior (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)- ant that feeds on root aphids

Feltiella acarisuga the predatory spider mite fly- is a tiny gall-midge that feeds on two-spotted spider mites and various other species of spider mites.

Stethorus punctillum- feeds on: ininute pirate bugs, Assassin bug, Sixspotted thrips, Bigeyed bugs, Western flower thrips

Iphiseius degenerans (generalist phytoseiid mites)- An important predator of several major pests, such as spider mites (showing a distinct preference for Eutetranychus orientalis over Tetranychus urticae), rust mites (like Phyllocoptruta oleivora) and thrips (like Frankliniella orientalis). This mite has been introduced into several countries for the control of these and other pests, and is in commerce. Exposing the predator to the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill., and to neem caused some mortality.

Amblyseius barkeri (generalist phytoseiid mites)- Successful thrips control was obtained with A. cucumeris alone, whereas control was not reliable with A. barkeri alone nor with the combination of A. cucumeris and A. barkeri. Neoseiulus barkeri- Neoseiulus barkeriHughes is an indigenous efficient predator of thrips, broad mite and spider mites.



Euseius hibisci- generalist phytoseiid mites

Parasitic Wasps:

Thripobis simulteus

Ceranisus-
all known species of Ceranisus are parasitoids of thrips

Gotheana Shakesoearei

Encarsia Formosa wasps- an endoparasitic wasp, is the most important parasite of the greenhouse whitefly.


Ambliselius degenerans
(generalist phytoseiid mites)- Mainly eats very young thrips larvae; Also feeds on several spider mite species

Delphastus catalinae beetle- an effective biological control agent for whiteflies because of its high prey consumption rates, long adult survival, and high reproduction rates

chrysopidae larva and some bedbug- Some adults are predators, others take liquids such as honeydew, and some feed on pollen. Larvae prey on insects, especially aphids (sometimes called 'aphid lions'); will also consume larger insects, insect eggs, and pupae

The small wasps of the Aphelinae family

Macrolophus Caliginosus- The mirid bug is a predator of whiteflies. Both adults and larvae feed on all stages of whiteflies and are sometimes used in crops such as tomato, eggplant, peppers, and ornamentals. This species is reported to be effective at lower temperatures than some other biological controls of whiteflies.

Three species of green lacewing
-

Chrysopa oculate- Golden-eyed Lacewing, Golden-eyed Green Lacewing. Aphids, mites and soft-bodied arthropods

Chrysoperla plorabunda- aphid nymphs

Larvae of at least four species of hover fly (Syrphidae)

Aphidoletes aphidimyza
(Cecidomyiidae)- a cecidomyiid fly whose larvae are effective predators of aphids.

Generalist predators

Orius insidiosus (Anthocoridae- Pirate bug)- is an aggressive thrips predator, possibly the most effective. It attacks and kills all mobile stages of thrips, including adult thrips.

Nabis alternatus (Nabidae)- damsel bugn hemp it is likely feeding on aphids, nymphs of Lygus bugs and leafhoppers, young stages of caterpillars and other small insects associated with the crop.

Chlamydatus associatus (Miridae)- Ragweed plant bug- feeding on

small insects such as aphids and thrips.

(Geocoris punctipes)- the big-eyed bug- feed on the eggs and nymphs of plant bugs (e.g., lygus), and on all life stages of whiteflies, mites and aphids.

Amblyseius swirskii- generalist predator, and readily consumes small soft-bodied arthropod pest species; control agent of mites, thrips and whiteflies

Amblyseius cucumeris- predatory mite that is useful for the prevention, control, and management of various thrips species. These predators may eat other pests and mites as well..

Amblysieus andersoni- Broad Mites, Cyclamen Mites, Hemp Russet Mites, Red Spider Mites, Tomato Russet Mites, Rust Mites, Gall Mites, Eriophyis Mites, Thrips and Two-spotted Spider Mites. When these pests aren't around A. cucumeris can consume pollen.

Stratiolaelaps scimitus- The soil dwelling generalist mite- Fungus Gnat Predator

Use these beneficial mites to control fungus gnat larvae, thrips pupae and springtails in the soil.

phytoseid mites- The Phytoseiidae are a family of mites which feed on thrips and other mite species.

Neoseiulus californicus- predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) has characteristics of both type II specialist predatory mites and type III generalist predatory mites. prefers Tetranychid mites as food, but will also consume other mite species, small insects, such as thrips

Phytoseiulus persimilis- a specialized predator of web-spinning spider mites such as the twospotted spider mite. In fact, P. persimilis feeds, reproduces, and completes development only on mites in the subfamily Tetranychinae, although it also feeds on young thrips and can be cannabilistic when spider mite prey is unavailable.

Galendromus occidentalis- Spider Mites (Mult), Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae), Russet Mites, Eriophyid Mites

Mesoseiulus Longipes- Spider Mites (Mult), Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Neoseiulus(= Amblyseius) fallacis- controls Bank's Grass Mite ( Oligonychus pratensis), Broad Mites, European Red Mites (Panonychus ulmi), Pacific Mites (Tetranychus pacificus), Spider Mites (Mult), Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae), Various Mites in Tetranychus sp, cyclamen mite: The Amblyseiinae are a subfamily of mites in the Phytoseiidae family (genus is Neoseiulus)

(Hypoaspis miles)- (Stratiolaelaps scimitus) feed upon small, soil inhabiting insects, mites, and all stages of springtails.

(Hypoaspis aculeifer)- is a soil dwelling mite which feeds on small arthropods and nematodes. It is harmless to plants and people. It gives excellent control of bulb mites in crops such as lilliums and helps to control thrips by attacking thrips pupae in the soil. Research on this strain showed it had a high propensity for thrips pupae and fed on 5 times more thrips than any other soil dwelling predatory mite studied. The trait earned it the name 'Killer Mite' by the researcher. They will also aid in control of other soil inhabiting pests such as fungus gnats.



Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans)- generalist foliar predator known worldwide for its biocontrol potential against a spectrum of pests (whiteflies, thrips, mites, aphids, and psyllids) of horticultural importance. Its ability to survive on plant pollen in the absence of prey (type III predator)

beneficial nematodes, such as

Steinernema feltiae- most effective against larval control of several fly species (sciaridae, phoridae, leaf miners, domestic fly and also of some moth larvae. They patrol the top 3" of the soil. Target pests include: Fungus Gnat, Mushroom Flies, Fruit Flies, Flea Beetles, Saw Flies, Tachina Flies, Crane Flies, Shore Flies and fruit flies. They are effective against some plant parasitic nematodes, particularly root-knot nematodes.

Steinernema Carpocapsae- generalist parasite and has been effectively used to control a variety of insects including: flies, flea, ants, termites, webworms, cutworms, armyworms, girdlers, some weevils, and wood-borers.

Heterorhabditis Heliothedis- Control of fungus gnats and western flower thrips

(Atheta coriaria)- predatory rove beetle- Young larvae and adult Fungus Gnats (Sciaridae); Pupae to adult Western Flower Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis); Shore Flies (Ephydridae)



Fungi



Lecanicillium lecanii
-Verticillium lecanii- entomopathogenic fungus species, that was previously widely known as Verticillium lecanii (Zimmerman) Viegas), but is now understood to be an anamorphic form in the Cordyceps group of genera in the Clavicipitaceae. primarily marketed for control of greenhouse aphids, whiteflies, and thrips

Beauveria bassiana- Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungi that causes white muscadine disease in a range of insects including whiteflies, aphids, thrips, grasshoppers and certain types of beetles.

Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis (Bti)- Controls- Aphids, Whitefly, Spider mites, Fungus gnats, Fungi such as mold and mildew. A type of soil bacterium that produces crystalline protein known as delta endotoxin

Isaria fumosorosea- Paecilomyces fumosoroseus Apopka Strain 97 has been reclassified and is now known as Isaria fumosorosea Apopka strain 97. Controls Whiteflies, thrips, aphids, and spider mites.

Saccharopolyspora spinosa- Saccharopolyspora spinosa produce metabolites named 'spinosyns' that are economically, ecologically, and agriculturally important. It has been found that spinosyns have pesticidal properties that are effective for many mites and insects. Saccharopolyspora spinosa is a species of bacteria first isolated from a sugar mill rum still (Spinosad). Controls: Aphids, Crickets, Caterpillars (not as effective as BT Caterpillar Spray, I highly recommend using BT for caterpillars and moths!), grasshoppers, Leafhoppers, Leaf Miners, Spider mites, Thrips, Whiteflies.
 
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