Practice and learning by doing is probably not the answer you wanted. I think it starts by deciding how you want the plant to grow. It's basically pruning. The plant will grow where you don't cut it, so think of this as shaping the plant.
I use low-stress training (LST) methods, which, as others have said, is to tie down the lower branches to make the plant grow wider. Those branches will form new stems and colas. Topping the plant also stimulates new growth at the branches.
When I remove leaves and branches, one of my goals is to open the middle of the plant to improve air flow. Removing lower leaves and branches (lollipopping) does the same thing. Lower growth doesn't get much light, so it doesn't develop useful buds. I usually don't remove fan leaves from the outside because they're not blocking light or air flow and are still producing sugars needed by the plant.