Older root systems have a more resistant, tougher outer layer than young seedlings and are usually not damaged unless H2O2 has been dosed in at very high levels. Lettuce is one of the most sensitive plants to H2O2 damage, particularly in the seedling stage. Rates as low as 10 parts per million (ppm) have been found to damage lettuce seedling root systems under some conditions. This "damage" wasn't enough to change the appearance of the root system, it simply reduced plant growth--sometimes by as much as 40 percent--without the grower even knowing there was a problem (this was on trials run in NFT systems).
So, what actually happens is that if you dose in H2O2 into a very clean nutrient--one that has very little organic matter for the H2O2 to work on--it will attack the plant roots and could cause damage. If you have a nutrient solution that has a high organic load (perhaps a nutrient that has been in use longer), the same dose of H2O2 gets deactivated cleaning up the nutrient and the plant roots aren't affected.
The problem is that it's difficult to decide how much of an organic load is in a particular nutrient. Therefore, it's difficult to know what level of H2O2 is safe to use. If your dose of H2O2 consistently works in your nutrient, without any reduction in growth or yield, then you have the dose calculated right. However, I would suggest that if you replace the nutrient with a fresh batch, that you lower the dose of H2O2 to prevent any possibility of damage to seedlings.