Origins Of The Cannabis Species

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jumpincactus

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Excellent article on the history of cannabis breeding and the origins of the strains we all enjoy today. Article is a tad dated so I cannot vouch for the validity of the information contained. It runs from the 1860's to current day. In addition I lay no claim that all of the information is historically correct. Enjoy

Origins of the Cannabis Species
Varieties of marijuana originating in India have been grown throughout the Caribbean and bordering coastal nations from Mexico to Brazil since 1834, when the British brought indentured Indian servants to their Caribbean colonies. Marijuana use did not become illegal in America until 1937, and large-scale commercial importation of hashish and marijuana into Europe and North America did not commence until the early 1960s.
Marijuana growing began in North America during the 1960s. At first, seeds cleaned from illicit shipments of marijuana were casually planted by curious smokers. Sinsemilla (Spanish for seedless) marijuana was almost unheard of. Nearly all domestically produced marijuana that lacked seeds was immature, and mature marijuana was fully seeded. Tropical varieties from Colombia and Thailand grown in North America rarely matured before frosts killed them. However, some of the tropical varieties regularly survived until maturity in coastal Florida, Southern California, and Hawaii, where the climate is warm and the growing season is long. Alternately, subtropical Mexican and Jamaican varieties often matured outdoors across the southern two-thirds of the United States. All of these early introductions were called ?sativas,? a common name derived from the botanical name Cannabis sativa.

In the early 1970s, a handful of growers began to produce sinsemilla. Seedless plants are created by removing male plants from the fields, leaving only the unfertilized female plants to mature. Instead of setting seeds in the first receptive flowers, the female plants continue to produce copious additional flowers, covered by hundreds of thousands of resin glands. By the mid 1970s, sinsemilla was becoming the primary style of domestic marijuana production.

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In 1976, a coffee-table book called Sinsemilla Marijuana Flowers, by Jim Richardson and Arik Woods revolutionized marijuana growing in North America. Not only did the authors accurately and sensitively portray the sinsemilla technique with their excellent text and lavish color photographs, they made the first attempt to describe the proper stages of floral maturity for an optimally potent and tasty harvest. Most importantly, this publication, just thirty years ago, suggested to growers that if marijuana can be grown without seeds, it follows that select female flowers can also be intentionally fertilized with select pollen to produce a few seeds of known parentage. This realization, in turn, gave birth to the expansion of conscious marijuana breeding and the myriad varieties portrayed in this article.

Early on, marijuana growers worked with any varieties they could procure in the search to find potent plants that would consistently mature before being killed by frosts. Since most imported marijuana was full of seeds, many landraces (traditional cultivars grown by indigenous peoples) were available to growers. Early-maturing northern Mexican varieties proved to be favorites as they consistently finished maturing at northerly latitudes. The early maturing North American sativa varieties of the early and mid-1970s (such as Polly and Eden Gold) resulted from hybrid crosses between Mexican or Jamaican landraces and more potent, but later maturing Panamanian, Colombian, and Thai landraces. (In all hybrid crosses, the female seed parent is listed before the ?x? the symbol indicating a cross and the male pollen parent is listed after the ?x.? If the sexual identity of the parents is unknown, a ?/? symbol is used rather than the ?x.?) Traditional cultivars gave modern growers a strong start having been favored and selected for potent landrace varieties for hundreds of years.

Most varieties in the 1970?s were adapted to outdoor growing, but others were specially developed for greenhouse or indoor, artificial light growing, where the season can be extended to allow late maturing cultivars to finish. Once varieties that would mature under the given conditions were perfected, pioneering marijuana breeders selected for high potency, high delta-1-THC content with low CBD content followed by the aesthetic considerations of flavor, aroma, and color. (Delta-1-tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, is the primary psychoactive compound in Cannabis. Cannabidiol, or CBD, is not psychoactive, but may alter the effects of THC.) Modifying adjectives, such as minty, floral, spicy, fruity, sweet, purple, golden, or red, were often attached to selected varieties, and thus domestic sinsemilla connoisseurship was born. Continued inbreeding of the original favorable hybrids resulted in some of the legendary sativas of the 1970s, such as Original Haze, Purple Haze, Polly, Eden Gold, Three Way, Maui Wowie, Kona Gold, Matanuska Thunderfuck, and Big Sur Holy Weed, which were almost always grown outdoors or in greenhouses. From 1975 until the end of the decade, marijuana breeders had great success continuing to develop connoisseur sativa cultivars. Sweeter, prettier flowers brought the grower great pride and even greater profit. Purple varieties gained popularity, largely following on the coattails of the extraordinary Purple Haze of Central California.

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Durban Poison By 1980, commercial sinsemilla cultivation had become much more common. Professional growers developed sativa varieties that were both high yielding and early maturing, and police awareness of commercial cultivation increased, especially in the western United States. Small aircraft were routinely used to search for larger marijuana plantations located in remote terrain, and many small growers were turned in to the police by snoopy, alarmist neighbors. The authorities soon learned that marijuana matures in the autumn so a variety that could be brought out of the field and into the drying shed by early October avoided some of the problems that might arise with a variety that matured in late November. Faced with storage problems resulting from numerous seizures, the authorities often merely counted seized plants and burned the bulk of the confiscated crop immediately without weighing it. Prosecution was based on the number of plants counted. Just enough dried marijuana was saved for laboratory analysis to be used as evidence in court. Concurrent with increased sinsemilla production was an increased incidence of crops being stolen. The fewer large and early-maturing plants a cultivator could grow, while continuing to realize a sufficient yield and profit, the better the chances of avoiding detection by law enforcement or thieves.

When Cannabis responds positively to lots of water, sun, and nutrients, it produces huge plants, sometimes yielding up to five pounds (more than two kilograms) of dried flowers. The more they are fed and watered, the taller and bushier they become, even when heavily pruned. The larger the plant, the easier it is to spot from the air or over a fence. This situation kindled a desire in growers for plants with a short, broad stature and high flower yield. Before 1975, almost all sinsemilla was grown from sativa varieties. Correctly grown Colombian, Mexican, or Thai varieties averaged over eight feet (two and one half meters) tall when pruned or trellised, and could easily reach thirteen to sixteen feet (four to five meters) when grown unrestricted in full sun. As marijuana breeders continued to cross their shortest, earliest maturing, and highest-yielding sativa cultivars with each other and pruned frantically, they yearned for something new. Their salvation was manifested in a new and exotic foreign variety of marijuana called indica.

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Skunk #1 THE INTRODUCTION OF INDICA

Most modern European and North American sinsemilla varieties are a blend of South Asian marijuana varieties called sativas that spread throughout South and Southeast Asia, Africa, and North and South America, and have been (since the 1970s) crossed with Central Asian and Middle Eastern hashish cultivars, commonly called indicas, a name based on the botanical name Cannabis indica. The most well-known indica varieties came from Afghanistan and Pakistan. Indica plants are characterized as short and bushy with broad, dark green leaves, which makes them somewhat harder to see from afar. They usually mature quite early, from late August to the end of September, often stand only three to six feet (one to two meters) at maturity, and produce copious resin-covered leaves and flowers. At least several dozen introductions of indica seeds from Afghanistan or Pakistan into North America were made during the middle to late 1970s. Afghani No. 1, Mazar-i-sharif, and Hindu Kush were some of the earliest indica introductions and are still available today. Since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, many more indicas have made their way directly to Dutch seed companies from neighboring Pakistan. Indica added economically valuable traits to extant domestic marijuana varieties, but it was considered rough by many smokers, being originally intended for bulk hashish production, rather than fine sinsemilla. Marijuana breeders still needed the traditional sativas to make hybrids that were both potent and cerebral.

Marijuana breeders intentionally crossed early-maturing indica varieties with the sweet, but later maturing, sativa varieties to produce early-maturing hybrids. Soon the majority of growers began to try a few indica/sativa hybrids. By the early 1980s, the vast majority of commercially produced sinsemilla in North America had likely received some portion of its genetic composition from the indica gene pool, and it had become difficult to find the pre-indica, pure sativa varieties that had been so popular only a few years earlier. There are now very few pure sativas grown in North America and Europe, as they mature late outdoors and require extra time to mature indoors, resulting in higher costs and risks. Many of the indica/sativa hybrids were vigorous growers, matured earlier, yielded well, were very potent, and were easier to conceal due to their shorter stature. Skunk No. 1 (Colombian sativa/Afghan indica x Acapulco Gold Mexican sativa) is a good example of a hybrid expressing predominantly sativa traits, and Northern Lights (Afghan indica/Thai sativa) is a good example of a hybrid expressing predominantly indica traits.

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Citrol Indica hybrids spread like wildfire. Although the influence of indica generally increased steadily throughout the mid-1980s (owing to its delayed introduction in many regions), its popularity in pioneering regions had begun to decline. Since Cannabis is wind-pollinated and sinsemilla is usually grown in enclosed gardens, accidental pollination often results in many seeds. Accidental seeds are far more common than intentionally produced seeds, and are rapidly and widely distributed in retail sinsemilla. Intentionally produced seeds are usually only passed along from one serious breeder to another or purchased from seed companies, and their distribution is more limited. Accidentally produced seeds containing varying proportions of the introduced indica gene pool were grown and randomly crossed again and again. Such random outcrossing produced a complex hybrid condition such that favorable traits were rarely consistently reproducible. Few of the offspring looked like their siblings, their gene pools having been formed from randomly collected genetic scraps handed down from their assorted predecessors. Over the next few years, the mixed gene pools reassorted, manifesting many undesirable as well as desirable characteristics.

Without careful selection and breeding, marijuana begins to turn weedy, and as natural selection takes over, varieties lose their vigor, taste, and potency. Accidental recombination of complex hybrids brought out some of the less desirable traits of indica that were previously suppressed. Reduced potency; a slow, flat, dreary high; and a skunky, acrid aroma and harsh taste quickly became associated with many indica/sativa hybrids. Also, indica?s dense, tightly packed floral clusters tend to trap moisture, encouraging gray mold, for which it has little native resistance. This often results in significant crop losses that were rarely a problem when only pure sativa varieties were grown. Indica/sativa hybrids are still what the average sinsemilla consumer purchases today. To the sinsemilla connoisseur, indica has not proven to be all it was cracked up to be. Although consumers and commercial growers of the late 1970s adopted indica enthusiastically, serious breeders of the 1980s began to view indica with more skepticism.

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K2 The average commercial or home grower, however, may express quite a different opinion. Indicas hardy growth, rapid maturation, and tolerance to cold allowed sinsemilla to be grown outdoors in the northern United States, from Washington to Maine and across southern Canada. This revolutionized the marijuana market by making potent homegrown a reality for those living at northern latitudes, as well as widening the scope and intensity of sinsemilla cultivation. Production dispersed from the U.S. epicenters of the West Coast, Hawaii, and the Ozark mountains into at least twenty major producing states. Some sinsemilla is now grown outdoors in all fifty American states, across southern Canada, and throughout much of Europe. Indica/sativa hybrids have also proven to be well adapted to indoor cultivation. Compact indica/sativa hybrid varieties mature quickly, allowing three to four harvests per year, and yield an average of three to four ounces (one hundred grams) of dry flowers on plants only three feet tall. Sativa varieties are too stretchy and tall, take too long to mature, and the tops of the plants, near the lights, shade the bottom branches, preventing them from producing many flowers.

The introduction of indica also had a more subtle, and possibly longer-lasting, effect on sinsemilla breeding. Purple coloration had become a sign of quality and potency in late-maturing sativa cultivars like Purple Haze. The consumers thirst for exotic purple sinsemilla created the short-lived Purple Craze of the early 1980s. Growers discovered that indica varieties would often turn purple if they were left out through a frost. For a year or two, many growers were able to get more money for purple flowers, but early-maturing indica varieties, when left in the field through a frost, lost much of their potency. This abruptly ended the Purple Craze, and enlightened marijuana breeders realized that many traits prove to be desirable only in certain varieties under certain conditions. The conscientious breeder should be extremely selective when experimenting with new introductions.

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K2 TURNING THE INDICA TIDE

In their search for high-quality genetic stock, connoisseur sinsemilla breeders have returned to some of their original pure sativa varieties. By crossing them into the now highly inbred indica/sativa hybrid varieties, breeders can enhance the hybrids flavor and boost its potency. Breeders are continually searching for new sources of exotic seeds. Pure unhybridized indica varieties are still highly prized breeding material, and new indica introductions are occasionally received from Afghanistan and Pakistan. Sativa varieties from South Africa have recently gained favor with outdoor growers, a s they mature early but dont suffer from many of the aesthetic drawbacks of indica. Pure South African varieties, originating far south of the equator, often mature in August, but are shorter in stature, moderately potent, and relatively high yielding. Hybrid crosses between indicas and classic indica/sativa hybrid varieties such as Skunk No. 1 are usually vigorous and early maturing and may express the desirable sativa and indica traits of high potency, fine fragrance, and high yield.

Prior to 1980, a few breeders also worked with weedy sativa varieties from Central Europe. Most Western growers call these varieties ruderalis. These weedy varieties begin maturing in July or early August, which hastens the maturity of outdoor hybrid marijuana varieties. Unfortunately, they are almost entirely devoid of THC and are high in CBD. Potency suffers in hybrid offspring, and subsequent selections must be made to restore high levels of psychoactivity. However, the biggest problem with weedy varieties and their hybrids is that they are not determinate. A single plant will continue to produce new flowers until it is harvested, rather than all of its flowers maturing before harvest, so its full potential is never realized. Ruderalis hybrids will likely prove of great value only to outdoor growers at near polar latitudes where little else will grow.

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Big Bud North American breeders also used other exotic imports to impart particular flavors to the smoke or to enhance the potency of hybrids. Landrace varieties from Brazil, India, Indonesia, Kashmir, Korea, Nepal, Africa, and other far-flung locations were occasionally used for these purposes. Since commercial shipments of marijuana did not often originate from these regions, usually the seeds were collected in small numbers and were relatively rare compared to seeds from the major marijuana-producing regions such as Colombia, Mexico, Jamaica, and Thailand. Presently, it is nearly impossible to import seeds from new, potent, imported varieties. They rarely can be collected as there are very few locations remaining where indigenous farmers maintain traditional high-potency landraces. Basically, we are stuck with what we have in circulation, like it or not, and breeders must make the best of what they have.

A few strong branches of the North American marijuana family tree were transplanted to the Netherlands, and the remaining scions continued to flourish and evolve, leading to the tremendous diversity of marijuana varieties grown in North America and Europe today. Resulting from the openness of marijuana seed sales in the Netherlands, Dutch seed companies provide an easily documented model of the sinsemilla breeding that has continued simultaneously in North America. The Dutch seed companies described much of the heritage behind their varieties in their early catalogs. The following information comes directly from published seed catalogs and is supplemented with personal comments from breeders and seed company owners.

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G13 DUTCH SEED COMPANIES

During the early 1980s, several marijuana seed companies appeared in the Netherlands, where cultivation of Cannabis for seed production and the sale of seeds were tolerated. Political pressure on marijuana growers in North America forced the thrust of progress in sinsemilla breeding to the Netherlands, where the political climate was much less threatening. For North American and European growers, this meant continued availability of exotic high-quality marijuana seeds.

Almost all of the Dutch varieties contain germ plasm from one or more of the founding genetic building blocks brought from North America. Cultivars such as Original Haze, Hindu Kush, Afghani No. 1, and Skunk No. 1 were established in California before their seeds were taken to the Netherlands in the early 1980s. As these cultivars were relatively stable seed varieties, breeders had a greater chance of selecting a favorable male plant as a pollen source for breeding. Cultivars such as Northern Lights, Big Bud, Hash Plant, and G-13 went to the Netherlands from the Pacific Northwest as rooted female cuttings. There were never males of these varieties, and, therefore, commercial seeds were all made by crosses with a male of a different variety such as Skunk No. 1, or more rarely by masculinizing a female cutting to produce pollen for self-pollinating.

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Durban Poison When connoisseurs of North American sinsemilla comment that ?All the Dutch varieties seem the same, this should come as no surprise, since Dutch varieties share so much of their heritage. Of the nearly 150 varieties offered for sale by Dutch seed companies in 2000, 80 percent of them contain germ plasm that first came to the Netherlands prior to 1985. Most of the seed companies have continued to reshuffle the heavily stacked deck of original North American germ plasm, and since the 1980s few companies have introduced anything new. The perpetuation of monotony has been punctuated, only infrequently, by new introductions from North America or traditional marijuana- producing nations. Most seed companies have simply recombined founding cultivars from which breeders selected star clones to represent their seed companies in competitions. What goes around, comes around!

But where would we be today without the common building blocks of our common varieties? Many varieties have been tried throughout the years, and the persistence of the original founding germ plasm to this day is testimony to its desirability. If more potent, better tasting, and more productive varieties had been introduced, growers would certainly favor them today. In fact, seed companies generally introduce a new variety by simply crossing a new introduction with an established Dutch variety, itself built upon the initial founding varieties, and give the resulting plant a new name. As only a handful of North American varieties were used to make Dutch sinsemilla varieties, they are usually potent and commercially lucrative, but often boring!

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Sensi Seeds Hashplant, grown in Maui jungle.The founding blocks of germ plasm used in most Dutch sinsemilla cultivars are described below by seed company, cultivar name, date of introduction, origin, and genetic heritage.

Among the earliest Dutch varieties were Hollands Hope and Amstel Gold, which were introduced in the early 1980s and are still available today. Although these predominantly indica cultivars are not very potent, they mature much earlier than most varieties, as they were bred to grow outdoors in the Netherlands. Both were bred from selections of imported Afghan hashish landraces. The following eight cultivars were brought to the Netherlands from California as named seed varieties and were released by Cultivator?s Choice seed company between 1980 and 1983. They were relatively consistent when inbred or crossed and now make up part of more than two-thirds of the varieties offered by Dutch seed companies. Many of the Cultivators Choice varieties have been faithfully maintained since their introductions and are presently offered by the Flying Dutchman seed company.

Skunk No. 1 kick started the high-quality Dutch homegrown scene. Even today, nearly half of the varieties sold by Dutch seed companies have Skunk No. 1 in their background. Skunk No. 1 was first introduced in the Netherlands in the late 1970s, and immediately revolutionized Dutch marijuana growing. The Dutch, basically a hashish-smoking culture, attempted to grow marijuana both outdoors and in greenhouses throughout the 1970s. Mostly, their efforts met with little popular success and Nederwiet, literally low weed, was considered a joke among serious smokers. Skunk No. 1 changed everything. Under Dutch greenhouse conditions, Skunk No. 1 regularly matured and consistently produced high yields of potent buds, even when crops were grown from seed. Skunk No. 1 was originally a three-way hybrid combination between a Colombian/Afghan hybrid and an imported Mexican Acapulco Gold plant. This combination was inbred in California for several generations until the stable combination known as Skunk No. 1 resulted. Although indica makes up a quarter of Skunk No. 1 and contributes to its branchiness and compact bud structure, Skunk No. 1 is primarily a sweet-smelling sativa hybrid rather than an acrid-smelling indica, so the name Skunk is actually somewhat misleading. Despite its general uniformity, there are several different bud forms in Skunk No. 1, ranging from red, hairy buds with small bracts to large bracts with copious resin glands.

The Original Haze is a late-maturing variety from Central California and was almost always grown in greenhouses, allowing it to finish in December or January. Original Haze was always connoisseur stash, and even in the 1970s it sold for as much as $200 an ounce. Original Haze is a pure sativa stabilized hybrid arising from crossing all of the best females with a male of a different imported sativa variety each year. Starting with Colombian/ Mexican hybrids grown from seeds from the first crop, a South Indian male plant was used as a pollen source the second year, and a Thai male plant was used the third year. Depending on which year Haze seeds were collected, they resembled either Colombian, South Indian, or Thai plants. Original Haze varies in taste from citrus Thai notes through the gamut of sativa highlights to the deep spicy purple Colombian flavor most common in Dutch Haze cultivars. Although Haze has been available in the Netherlands since the early 1980s, it gained wide popularity only in the mid 1990s. Increasing levels of connoisseurship led to higher prices for exotic and flavorful (but later maturing and more costly to produce) Haze hybrids in preference to the redundant plethora of Dutch Skunk/Northern Lights type buds. Original Haze presently makes up part of about 15 percent of varieties available in the Netherlands, and its frequency is steadily increasing.

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Aussie Haze monster Both Afghani No. 1 and Hindu Kush are pure indica landraces from Afghanistan. Initially selected for dense buds and copious resin, they are true-to-type Afghan primo hashish varieties.

Early California is a very early maturing indica/sativa hybrid introduced in the early 1980s from California. It is relatively true breeding and stable.

California Orange is another California indica/sativa hybrid well known for its distinctive orange color and flavor.

Hawaiian Indica is a strongly indica, indica/sativa hybrid that has been used in several Dutch hybrids. Its primary traits are very large bracts and copious resin production.

Early Girl is a well-known commercial California seed variety from the late 1970s. It is generally leafy and of moderate potency, but consistently matures early. It was included in a number of the early Dutch hybrids. The following five cultivars were brought to the Netherlands from the Pacific Northwest as female cuttings and were introduced by the Sinsemilla Seed Company in the early 1980s. The Sinsemilla Seed Company is now known as the Sensi Seed Bank and continues to offer many hybrids bred from these original North American varieties. As there were no males of these female clones, they were always crossed with another variety in order to make seeds.

Northern Lights was well established as a Pacific Northwest indoor seed variety by 1978 and arrived in the Netherlands as four sister clones. Northern Lights lines eventually came to incorporate Skunk No. 1 and Haze varieties around 1980. Northern Lights was mostly used as a crossing partner to provide the furry resin look often associated with potent varieties. However, Northern Lights also tends to have very small resin heads, both in comparison to the length of the gland stalks and in relation to other sinsemilla varieties. Northern Lights is found in at least 10 percent of Dutch varieties.

Big Bud was established in the Pacific Northwest as a commercial indoor clone and was brought to the Netherlands in the mid-1980s. It is predominantly an indicatype indica/sativa hybrid and has very large, if at times leafy, buds.

Hash Plant is a Lebanese/Thai hybrid. It was originally offered by the Super Sativa Seed Club, but the Sinsemilla Seed Company cutting was brought from North America. It is a very strongly indica hybrid variety.

G-13 is a clone allegedly spirited away from the U.S. government pot farm in Mississippi. It is also a very strong, nearly pure indica variety.

Ruderalis seed was collected from weedy roadside plants in Hungary by the Sinsemilla Seed Company and used for breeding in an attempt to develop earlymaturing varieties. Although hybrids with Skunk No. 1 and other North American cultivars began to flower very early, they also expressed their weedy background, never stopped flowering, and matured unevenly.


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Aussie Haze monster THE NAME GAME

Tracing the varieties used by the seminal six Dutch seed companies is relatively straightforward. Seed catalogs usually tell the customer what landrace or North American varieties were used to create the seeds, and the founding germ plasm was often shared by several seed companies. With the appearance of more than ten new seed companies during the early 1990s, the situation became more complex. Seed catalogs often changed the names of the varieties used in breeding or omitted the pedigree information altogether. Competition between seed companies heated up, fueled largely by High Times magazines annual Cannabis Cup. The new companies were associated with some of the original companies and often incorporated the traditional varieties into their own cultivars, while also introducing new varieties that were quickly adopted by rival companies. Several seed companies appeared for only a year or two, and many others began to resell seeds produced by the major companies. It is easy to buy another companys seeds and change the variety name, making it appear to be a new and different variety. Some companies mistakenly sold seeds resulting from crossing two hybrid plants, resulting in great variability, with few, if any, of the offspring resembling either parental combination. The most common and successful way for seed companies to create new varieties was to simply cross a good female plant from an existing variety with a Skunk No. 1 male. In general, the 1990s were characterized more by a reshuffling of the original deck of varieties than by new introductions of landrace or North American varieties.

Unfortunately, some early Dutch breeders made very poor selections from the initial seeds they were given. The most common bad selection was for copious red hairs instead of for large bracts. Red hairs are a sign that female flowers are present, but they are not in themselves psychoactive. A preponderance of red hairs indicates many, but tiny, flowers with little surface area for psychoactive resin glands to develop. Second, selection for dense buds having a good retail appearance led to the proliferation of nested bracts that feel hard when squeezed, but once again lack sufficient surface area to develop copious resin glands. The third common erroneous selection was for fuzzy-looking resin glands with long sparkly stalks, but small resin heads. All three of these unfavorable traits occasionally reappear in modern Dutch varieties and should be avoided.

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Aussie Haze monster Sometimes crosses have been released as new varieties, with a lot of introductory hype about something new and exotic before being tested by growers. When the new crosses are actually grown, they often prove to be substandard. These so-called varieties usually disappear quickly because growers give them bad ratings. Most of the consistently popular cultivars have been around for several years, and many are still available today.

Fortunately, some of the more recent introductions from North America are markedly different from the previously available Dutch varieties. The T. H. Seeds Company, formerly known as the C.I.A. or the K.G.B., introduced several North American varieties in the mid-1990s. The most interesting of these is S.A.G.E., which is a Haze-based variety from the coastal mountains of Big Sur, California. S.A.G.E. stands for (Sativa Afghanica Genetic Equilibrium), which is an appropriate explanation of the genetic background of many stabilized indica/sativa hybrids. Bubblegum is a well-known seed variety from Indiana that came to Amsterdam via New England in the early 1990s. Akorn, Heavy Duty Fruity, Mendocino Madness, and Stinky Pinky are all indica/sativa hybrids introduced as female cuttings.

Most recently, a series of wellknown outdoor cultivars from the Pacific Northwest has been introduced by Dutch Passion and Sagarmatha seed companies. They come from a single breeder and are called Flo, Blueberry, and Blue Velvet.

Brazilian landrace accessions apparently weigh heavily in many of the selections from the K. C. Brains seed company and in White Widow offered by the Greenhouse. The White Widow series may also have come as seeds to the Netherlands from the southeastern United States. Often a seed buyer cannot determine a varietys heritage because the lineage is concealed or unknown. At harvest time, what matters most is whether the cultivar was appropriate for the grower and growing conditions, rather than simply its supposed heritage or fancy name. Many of these excellent new varieties hold great promise for the future as breeders continue to fine-tune them for indoor, artificial light growing.
 
robomont

robomont

237
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my research puts the first place in recorded history at kish from sumerian language clay tablets.theres one mention of kish is where you buy rope to dig wells with.kish sounds alot like kush.plus the rope reference.i know im reaching but it makes sense.the most reliable rope would be hemp rope.
 
RastaZombie

RastaZombie

386
63
my research puts the first place in recorded history at kish from sumerian language clay tablets.theres one mention of kish is where you buy rope to dig wells with.kish sounds alot like kush.plus the rope reference.i know im reaching but it makes sense.the most reliable rope would be hemp rope.
Yes most defienetly. Not to be rude by any means. But most civilizations are considered early and new compared to africian culutures that have had Kush(Kish) around for hundreds to thousand of years if not longer. Where it came from
I think its very simple yet complex on a micro level that people over think and try to create what they want something to be than what it truly was. Hold on let me put my blunt down before i burn down this house @gravekat303 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kush
Now many say kush came from the hindu kush regions of the indian mountain ranges. This i would say is true to the extent that yes that would be the true kush but it still came from Africa through the spice trade. I do think its sorta silly tho now people whom think they can claim a plant for their own and base a reality off of it. Govt makes their own strain. Da fuq why must we destroy the true beauty of everything. Take something and turn it to complete shit. Something that was considered an herb now illegall to legal to slighlty always on the border and people actually live by these things because they dont know the origins of anything other than what the fuckin tv tells em. Back to what i was saying so people may even say itdl dates back to 12k years ago when it was used as hemp etc in china, but once again that could have been through the spice trade from india now. So a culture could have kept that hidden for lets say 400 years meanwhile a culture somewheres else on this earth had it for 600 years prior same strain maybe but adapta and changes to its climates and probably gets mixed up with its enviornment and slighlty changes its traits. But how can me or anyone say that it truly came from lets say even the kindom of kush. Where did it come from before all of these recordings. Ya see you and i may never know because we were never arpund to see where it came from. Not a recording as lets say in the form of a artifact or fossil but the plant itself growing wild, then what about the people of the kindom of kush what if this plant was there prior to the existence due to it being brought by air pollination a possibility. They go there to this lush land by the river dope plants they csn use for anything, because these people are smart not dumb brainwashed people. And they base their kindom off the land because where land is fertile,water(BlueNile) etc a civilization will thrive to an extent it is still sustainable and built off of. So what happens if i am wrong and these people came from a different part of africa that was pre dated not recorded and they brought the plant with them to this fertile land where they could now thrive and heal and prosper into what they became. As a civilization grows a land can only be so fertile and usefule to all of ita inhabitants ao stretching out as the count of heads grow means more mouths to feed etc so now we move from one fertile land with a few people and this plant and a new civilization begins. What happens if the original culture whom had this plant split and both traded on opposite ends of the planet and those plants adapted to their cultures and thats the differences in kush etc. Or what if there eas never truly one cannabis plant but several varaieties that never made it beyond the trade or out of a culture. Because posibly some of those cultures stayed hidden to survive, some grew bigger and powerful through trade and became kindoms thus their plant made its way around from hut to cave to teepee etc aor there could have been some of the first intelligent beings in the sense of Alchemy that made the plant from two different plants creating a plant that does bare a strange herb that can be used for a variety of this thus the reason it was created. As we would create a strain now for a specific crowd pleaser or need. They may have had the advanced knowledge of everything around them why. Simple because the shit was extremely vital to their survival and sustainment of their being. Which we have been once agsin dummied down to believing this is fuckin life. So anyways homeboy takes some herb from his garden and finds another plant with sed desired traits he does his thing according to the weather timing and his geologic location boom the first "ganja" plant or once again it could have been one od those spice traders whom were truly all alchemist in their own rights and healers in search of maybe helping someone,trading, searching for food. Stumbles upon a civilization and his pollen messes with their plants and now you have a cannabis strain produced that has different properties than of just a possible what they called "hemp". That becomes of value due to its recognition for what this new plant can be used for.Boom civilazation becomes valuable and prosperous makes fuckin big stone head statue of the brother whom brought the mix with their little knowledge now thinking hes a GOD.and. this kind of shit happens all around the globe from inteligent civilizations to outright savage clans the mixing of peoples herbs germs... The planet lives and breaths as we are only a molecular germ compared to everything else in the mixing pot.
From Plants traveling the globe on their own or by a people to your genes traveling the globe via people or its land traits.
If youve ever been to jamaica there are chinese people and white people that have been here since the slave trade/spice trade to make it seem cleaner that dont look like your average chinese,white indian etc person. People also adapt and change to their land overtime. Just like the plants. If you want to know the origin or how anything works on this planet you must look deep within yourself first. Back then it was only up down around and self to know.
The only thing that is permanent in life is change.
With that being sed new varieties of ganja will continue to die of and be created. From either trade or nature as things will. Always continue to go in motion being that on a molecular level everything always vibrates, until an external force/energy/molecule intervenes.
Im probably way off on my theory but some things cant be told by a tv you just know them from within. As the people before you did.
Llease feel free to correct me where tou feel i may be wrong. Im only here to learn and spread knowledge,otherwise what the fuck is the purpose of this forum and knowledge itself.

My goal overgrow the world.
Start small again me and some new buddies(people) put money or whatever gold together buy land and start our own civilization,(grow our own everything amish wont have shit on us) till death brings us back and wakes us up.
Cause this world has got me fucked up wheres me blunt
 
Two.Bears

Two.Bears

995
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Yes most defienetly. Not to be rude by any means. But most civilizations are considered early and new compared to africian culutures that have had Kush(Kish) around for hundreds to thousand of years if not longer. Where it came from
I think its very simple yet complex on a micro level that people over think and try to create what they want something to be than what it truly was. Hold on let me put my blunt down before i burn down this house @gravekat303 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kush
Now many say kush came from the hindu kush regions of the indian mountain ranges. This i would say is true to the extent that yes that would be the true kush but it still came from Africa through the spice trade. I do think its sorta silly tho now people whom think they can claim a plant for their own and base a reality off of it. Govt makes their own strain. Da fuq why must we destroy the true beauty of everything. Take something and turn it to complete shit. Something that was considered an herb now illegall to legal to slighlty always on the border and people actually live by these things because they dont know the origins of anything other than what the fuckin tv tells em. Back to what i was saying so people may even say itdl dates back to 12k years ago when it was used as hemp etc in china, but once again that could have been through the spice trade from india now. So a culture could have kept that hidden for lets say 400 years meanwhile a culture somewheres else on this earth had it for 600 years prior same strain maybe but adapta and changes to its climates and probably gets mixed up with its enviornment and slighlty changes its traits. But how can me or anyone say that it truly came from lets say even the kindom of kush. Where did it come from before all of these recordings. Ya see you and i may never know because we were never arpund to see where it came from. Not a recording as lets say in the form of a artifact or fossil but the plant itself growing wild, then what about the people of the kindom of kush what if this plant was there prior to the existence due to it being brought by air pollination a possibility. They go there to this lush land by the river dope plants they csn use for anything, because these people are smart not dumb brainwashed people. And they base their kindom off the land because where land is fertile,water(BlueNile) etc a civilization will thrive to an extent it is still sustainable and built off of. So what happens if i am wrong and these people came from a different part of africa that was pre dated not recorded and they brought the plant with them to this fertile land where they could now thrive and heal and prosper into what they became. As a civilization grows a land can only be so fertile and usefule to all of ita inhabitants ao stretching out as the count of heads grow means more mouths to feed etc so now we move from one fertile land with a few people and this plant and a new civilization begins. What happens if the original culture whom had this plant split and both traded on opposite ends of the planet and those plants adapted to their cultures and thats the differences in kush etc. Or what if there eas never truly one cannabis plant but several varaieties that never made it beyond the trade or out of a culture. Because posibly some of those cultures stayed hidden to survive, some grew bigger and powerful through trade and became kindoms thus their plant made its way around from hut to cave to teepee etc aor there could have been some of the first intelligent beings in the sense of Alchemy that made the plant from two different plants creating a plant that does bare a strange herb that can be used for a variety of this thus the reason it was created. As we would create a strain now for a specific crowd pleaser or need. They may have had the advanced knowledge of everything around them why. Simple because the shit was extremely vital to their survival and sustainment of their being. Which we have been once agsin dummied down to believing this is fuckin life. So anyways homeboy takes some herb from his garden and finds another plant with sed desired traits he does his thing according to the weather timing and his geologic location boom the first "ganja" plant or once again it could have been one od those spice traders whom were truly all alchemist in their own rights and healers in search of maybe helping someone,trading, searching for food. Stumbles upon a civilization and his pollen messes with their plants and now you have a cannabis strain produced that has different properties than of just a possible what they called "hemp". That becomes of value due to its recognition for what this new plant can be used for.Boom civilazation becomes valuable and prosperous makes fuckin big stone head statue of the brother whom brought the mix with their little knowledge now thinking hes a GOD.and. this kind of shit happens all around the globe from inteligent civilizations to outright savage clans the mixing of peoples herbs germs... The planet lives and breaths as we are only a molecular germ compared to everything else in the mixing pot.
From Plants traveling the globe on their own or by a people to your genes traveling the globe via people or its land traits.
If youve ever been to jamaica there are chinese people and white people that have been here since the slave trade/spice trade to make it seem cleaner that dont look like your average chinese,white indian etc person. People also adapt and change to their land overtime. Just like the plants. If you want to know the origin or how anything works on this planet you must look deep within yourself first. Back then it was only up down around and self to know.
The only thing that is permanent in life is change.
With that being sed new varieties of ganja will continue to die of and be created. From either trade or nature as things will. Always continue to go in motion being that on a molecular level everything always vibrates, until an external force/energy/molecule intervenes.
Im probably way off on my theory but some things cant be told by a tv you just know them from within. As the people before you did.
Llease feel free to correct me where tou feel i may be wrong. Im only here to learn and spread knowledge,otherwise what the fuck is the purpose of this forum and knowledge itself.

My goal overgrow the world.
Start small again me and some new buddies(people) put money or whatever gold together buy land and start our own civilization,(grow our own everything amish wont have shit on us) till death brings us back and wakes us up.
Cause this world has got me fucked up wheres me blunt
Scientific names

Such as
antirrhinium linaria
Plantago major
Calendula Oficinalis
Etc.

Any tine yoy see the word Indica as the last word; Indica means the species of plant or animal wS first discovered in India
 
RastaZombie

RastaZombie

386
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Scientific names

Such as
antirrhinium linaria
Plantago major
Calendula Oficinalis
Etc.

Any tine yoy see the word Indica as the last word; Indica means the species of plant or animal wS first discovered in India
Thats cool and all. Science now a days in america is retarded compared to other places and times in history.
And thats cool it was discovered in india but that dont mean shit when it comes to where it originated from . i could find a mini cooper in mexico dont mean the shit was made and originated in mexico.
Maybe its just me but when someone says they Need something and Want something ita two different things. And now a days it seems like we are so brainwashed into merging the meaning of words. Example the title says clearly origins. Not where it was discovered. Once again columbus and his fake ass thougt he was the first to discover america but there were pople thriving there long before his own country had a legit name.and so he takes credit saying he Found this country and so it goes in the books, and his people and so on will have originated from there. What the fuck is wrong with people. It doesnt work like that and it only works that way when you make it relevant and other believe its relevant.Otherwise making it useless. Maybe im using a bad example but when it comes to the origin of lets say a granysmith Apple and hyperthetically speaking i could trace it back to Fiji where there were no apples but a different fruit which got pollinated by another fruit by the winds and over the years something just stuck and worked and grew and bam the shit came to be a tasty fuckin apple. Over time the land is no longer useful and either the pollen or plant is carried in its form but person or nature. once again people live where the land ia fertile back then and mostly now.so you bring that tasty fucking apple to sweeden and everybody goes chocolate shit balls crazy for apples,where did apples come from.100 years+ later. Oh it says in the books that apples were first found in sweeden. So now you have a bunch of fuckin trolls running around saying apples were first found in Sweeden so i guess that means the same thing as they originated in sweeden. No mofo No.

Do not take this personally. But this is partially why things are going bat shit south with the world.instead od thinking for ourselves we use the brains of other to tell us what is reality.and instead lf using logic and trusting ones self we rely on gossip and bolks that makes us question te truth yet we believe that bullshit for truth. Squeez a lime over your eyes you dont need to take the red pill or blue pill flush them shits down the toilet and wake up.
 
RastaZombie

RastaZombie

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I think thats why a lot of people stay away from the subject of the origin of things yet still attempt to touch it.Because if i was never there at the exact moment of its inception did it ever truly happen in my time/world.
Or would i just continue to go off of what another wacky man with power says. Once again use that logic.
Most of all just appreciate and live. From the time i am born till the time i die i will create mircales and destroy things, i will have asked myself a million times is god real where did god come from yadadada and then i will die. But what was will be.and to truly know something you must endure it yourself or be in the time of its presence.
So my point we were never around when Barney in the south tip of the world saw the first plant pollinated and used it for whatever and its known as indica whatever the fuck it will be called. And we were not there when this could have happend in 50 different spots on this planet if it did happen this way and all 50 of these fools saw it as they see anything else in life at that time a tool for survival.either by trade,medicine,rope to hit a bitch with,oils. Later on in life capitalized and its meaning changed. People back then could have seen this plant as we see and compare a cardboard box to tape. It can be used for a lot. But its not truly significant or the only thing that will make life complete. They had many a spices herbs flowers colors made from the earth clothing yadadada that Originated in a place that couldnt have come from another due to the region and earth itself. Yet we dont value and capitalize on thise things because they are not as easily used as vices now. So now we tale away the value of an object and give it a total different value thus changing its identity by those whom see it that way. People would rob you for a pound of herb due to its value. Buy there are places on earth that it grows wild and has a complete differe t value where someone would probably rob derek for his freakin oil made from sunflower why cause in that reaching its the only shit thwyve uses for thousands of years to cook cleanly with etc. So the value is different. No one worries about where it came from or originated because they have common sense to lnkw they may never know and if they did know they would probably say it came from earth as everything does and goes back to the earth as everything does. Once again the value(meaning) of everything changes when you look at it differently.

I knownim hard to follow but just follow as far as you can and use your own head to configure what im saying dknt take what im saying for truth or real. Just ideas of my own self.

Stay blessed errbody
 
RastaZombie

RastaZombie

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I get what @jumpincactus 's article on strain originz to an extent. If i cross and work a PineappleExpress x GreenCandyAppleKush over time then there is the idea that thisnstrain originated from this what city state spot country town building farm....
 
Sativied

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Unfortunately, some early Dutch breeders made very poor selections from the initial seeds they were given. The most common bad selection was for copious red hairs instead of for large bracts. Red hairs are a sign that female flowers are present, but they are not in themselves psychoactive. A preponderance of red hairs indicates many, but tiny, flowers with little surface area for psychoactive resin glands to develop. Second, selection for dense buds having a good retail appearance led to the proliferation of nested bracts that feel hard when squeezed, but once again lack sufficient surface area to develop copious resin glands. The third common erroneous selection was for fuzzy-looking resin glands with long sparkly stalks, but small resin heads. All three of these unfavorable traits occasionally reappear in modern Dutch varieties and should be avoided.
There's more in the article that is historically inaccurate (understatement) but the part above is just nonsense. Everything was more "hairy" when Skunk was introduced, barely any indoor growing yet. Something I've seen evolve over the past nearly 3 decades myself. It was the red opposed to orange hairs that customers associated with skunk and loved. It was the higher calyx to leaf ratio (and thus more hairs) that made it popular for growers in the first place. Suggesting dutch breeders bred those red hairs in by selection is giving them, ironically, way too much credit. Well, except for the one who released Red Hair, which was something I smoked in the early 90s, when I was working in a coffeeshop myself.

Same for the difference in long trichs with small heads vs more afganica -like fat bulbs. Doesn't mean the latter is more potent, as if they bred that in or out in one season...

The link the author makes between nested bracts, compact buds basically, and not leaving enough space for trichs is the dumbest part. The amount and density of trichs is highest on bracts. More bracts is more trichs. More compact doesn't reduce trichs and shows the author doesn't know the plant well enough to write about it. And again has little to do with potency. And it conflicts with the red hair claims.

All the nonsense about multiple different skunks is just that, nonsense. They were and are not as IBL as some like to think. A main difference between creating the stock Sam brought over and everything that was done with it was plant count. Sam used a lot more, but o haze and skunk are not that stable. It was always impossible to get the same plant from those seeds no matter how old the seeds were. Some dutch smokers generally didn't like the nasty dark afghani taste. Skunk is a threeway cross of afghani, mexican, and columbian. An afghani dom skunk would smell like a dead animal perhaps...

Check out old catalogues from Nevil and Sam (the green one I posted once or twice) in 1984/85 and it becomes really obvious what they did. Chuck the most obvious combinations, pretty much the same most "breeders" still do, with the difference they didn't use poly x poly as much. Or better said, didn't have too because not everything was done already. After nlxhaze, afghani x skunk, afhani x kush (AK...), and the other possible 1-1 combinations were done they started crossing those with a third... After that was done with the most obvious combinations, worldwide, breeders started getting seeds from mysterious origin, hill people, shamans, floating mountains on unmapped remote islands... while in reality it is often still afghani/nl/kush, skunk and other classics.

Skunk being in 50% of the dutch varieties is nonsense too. As if he measured that. Could be 30 could be 60 lol. It's in a large % worldwide nowadays, in europe, in the us, down to malawi.

Oh and I'm pretty sure "kush" comes from the name of the region Hindu Kush. "The Hindu scripture from 1500 BC, the Rig Veda, says: drug plants preceded even the gods by three ages".
 
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jumpincactus

jumpincactus

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There's more in the article that is historically inaccurate (understatement) but the part above is just nonsense. Everything was more "hairy" when Skunk was introduced, barely any indoor growing yet. Something I've seen evolve over the past nearly 3 decades myself. It was the red opposed to orange hairs that customers associated with skunk and loved. It was the higher calyx to leaf ratio that made it popular for growers in the first place. Suggesting dutch breeders bred those red hairs in by selection is giving them, ironically, way too much credit. Well, except for the one who released Red Hair, which was something I smoked in the early 90s, when I was working in a coffeeshop myself.

Same for the difference in long trichs with small heads vs more afganica -like fat bulbs. Doesn't mean the latter is more potent, as if they bred that in or out on one season...

The link the author makes between nested bracts, compact buds basically, and not leaving enough space for trichs is the dumbest part. The amount and density of trichs is highest on bracts. More bracts is more trichs. More compact doesn't reduce trichs and shows the author doesn't know the plant well enough to write about it. And again has little to do with potency. And it conflicts with the red hair claims.

All the nonsense about multiple different skunks is just that, nonsense. They were and are not as IBL as some like to think. A main difference between creating the stock Sam brought over and everything that was done with it was plant count. Sam used a lot more, but o haze and skunk are not that stable. It was always impossible to get the same plant from those seeds no matter how old the seeds were. Some dutch smokers generally didn't like is the nasty afghani taste. Skunk is a threeway cross of afghani, mexican, and columbian. An afghani dom skunk would smell like a dead animal perhaps...

Check out old catalogues from Nevil and Sam (the green one I posted once or twice) in 1984/85 and it becomes really obvious what they did. Chuck the most obvious combinations, pretty much the same most "breeders" still do, with the difference they didn't use poly x poly as much. Or better said, didn't have too because not everything was done already. After nlxhaze, afghani x skunk, afhani x kush (AK...), and the other possible 1-1 combinations were done they started crossing those with a third... After that was done with the most obvious combinations, worldwide, breeders started getting seeds from mysterious origin, hill people, shamans, floating mountains on unmapped remote islands... while in reality it is often still afghani/nl/kush, skunk and other classics.

Skunk being in 50% of the dutch varieties is nonsense too. As if he measured that. Could be 30 could be 60 lol. It's in a large % worldwide nowadays, in europe, in the us, down to malawi.

Oh and I'm pretty sure "kush" comes from the name of the region Hindu Kush. "The Hindu scripture from 1500 BC, the Rig Veda, says: drug plants preceded even the gods by three ages".
Thank you for helping set the record straight brother. Thats why I made the accuracy dislcamer when I posted. I take everything I read or procure online with a grain or 2 of salt. Coming from you I have more faith in what you have shared than the body of the article. peace man
 
Sativied

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Check out this series of videos on youtube. Wernard Bruining (first coffeeshop and growshop) is the one who invited Sam (and Ed Rosenthal) over and talks about the red hair skunk too. Also includes comments from Eddie (flying dutchmen) and a few others. Straight from the horses' mouths:

https://m.youtube.com/watch?feature=youtu.be&v=e5za3HdsT54

Image

That and Northern Light (Nevil) and just a few others form the basis of what we call Netherweed. The stuff people sold before that was aside from some afghani and kush barely worth growing, and not sensimilla (as in hermies...). Some actually did source landraces from various places but it's mostly the same in different combinations. Not always a bad thing though, it was the best available. Add nevil's catalogs to it and you basically get sensi seeds. That green catalog above was from cultivators choice which was Sam and Eddie. The latter started flying dutchmen (now part of sensi) where you can still buy the red hairy skunk:
Image

http://flyingdutchmen.com/cannabis-seeds/the-pure

Pre-Amsterdam, in US:
Image


Speaking if cannabis origin, gotta love the Burning Bush name (mozes tripping on kannabosm).

Note the 25% discount did not apply to Skunk #1. Fits well with the comment from Sam in the green catalogue. Most popular strain in california, won 5 harvest festivals. Compare skunk to pics of other varieties in the late 70s and early 80s and it's not hard to see why Skunk had such an impact.
 
RastaZombie

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Im stil interested in learning or having a better understanding of where the origin of cannabis came from. If anyone has a legit answer and not articles of what breeder made this and that'cause the breeder didnt pull the THC molecule from his DNA to make a new strain so it didnt come from "him". The herb is misunderstood for the masses understanding im afraid.

I an I just stay in the vibes.
 
Bambi

Bambi

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origins } my favourite sugject really;"

Gotta have origins of were plants or its hybrids etc first come from or what was used to make the new strain also i liked seeing in breeders descriptions some years ago as they did back then, now alot either dont no what genetics used come from or do not tell out of alter ego for some wanting whatever fame there trying to accomplish ?

Our old Nz bush sativa had a little indica in its genes like many others world over throw out the odd indica phenotype from a dom sativa landrace as ive read happened elsewhere to, ours come about via accidental inbreeding when people still called seed/less buds - senseimeilla as you mentioned above, this name originates from spanish canna culture we'd read in old high times magizines bought into the country via tourists before Nz allowed it on the shelfs, - a usa high times i havent much time for now days since reading all the lies they often write up over old seed banks such as sensi or maybe the magizine was lied to more like,?
If youve been around long enough reading older discriptions of sensi seeds brands youl know what im on about them changing to suit there need i suppose, - shiva shanti is now named after two of dronkers siblings, 10 yrs ago shiva shanti was named after shantibaba they described & took it down out of the breeder not wanting his name up as such, - there getting back old plants for fem only seed though i thought be a better idea than buying ? ? ?

Like mentioned some grand strains come from sensi seeds when breeders like nevil worked there before 2008 or 09 they lost the mums&dads with only some female clone back ups nev told us online back in 2011,

In my humble opinion Nature made the first Skunk plant & we all clicked onto it or rarther stuck to its grease to this very day, & today the medic pot is changing the highs so much so a old school sativa high of 2 - 3 hours can be had in a indica or indica dominant regular strains also, - hard to get em into reg seed form but abit of luck combined and it can be done i assure you.

Thanks for sharing " - b
 
curandero2012

curandero2012

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Sam came to Holland in ' 84, but at that time another American grower was already teaching how to grow descent marijuana with the genetics he brought with him.I'm talking about Old Ed, arrived in Holland in the year 1979.

Old%20Ed%20geeft%20uitleg.jpg


Hollands Hope was a cross of Skunk#1 x Viking.Viking was a strain with probably lineage of Afghani x Lebanese and a flowering time of 6 weeks.

veldje%20klaaskopie.jpg


Tuintje%20Boerderij.jpg


Purple pheno of Viking

Viking
 
Sativied

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Like mentioned some grand strains come from sensi seeds when breeders like nevil worked there before 2008 or 09 they lost the mums&dads with only some female clone back ups nev told us online back in 2011,
The year in that story changes quite frequently. Pretty sure it was 2005 or 2006 lol. Nevil, first commercial pollen chucker who got success crossing mostly Sam's stock, disgruntled sensi ex employee, who sold his seedbank to sensi, went with Shanti and Arjen to start GHS, claiming they have more original originals than sensi. Since the origin of the haze and skunk in amsterdam has never been a mystery (Sam) and sensi and nevil were selling pretty much the same obvious crosses before they bought him out, the only way they could have more original originals is when sensi would lose theirs. Later shanti went to start mns and nevil joined and they built another a sensi-wannabe seedbank based on the same claims and stories, but about sensi and ghs. Can't believe anything nevil posted online, too many conflicts and holes in his stories.

That said, I doubt they do have the original clones of all or any for that matter. The real joke is that in many cases that doesn't matter...

i liked seeing in breeders descriptions some years ago as they did back then, now alot either dont no what genetics used come from or do not tell out of alter ego for some wanting whatever fame there trying to accomplish ?
What Nevil and others did was cross skunk, afghani, early girl, haze and others from Sam with everything. After a few years, every obvious 1-1 combination had been done and threeway crosses became more common. And fourway. At mns they are still stuck in that routine. There is a limited number of combinations. So instead of releasing another afghani kush x skunk people made up fancy names and origin stories involving remote locations and landraces. Some are true, many are a remix of the same cross with different phenos. Ego, fame and money are the ultimate goals perhaps but it was often about pretending to offer something new and different.
 
Sativied

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Sam came to Holland in ' 84, but at that time another American grower was already teaching how to grow descent marijuana with the genetics he brought with him.I'm talking about Old Ed, arrived in Holland in the year 1979.
True, but Ed didn't bring any skunk over. He was living at Wernard Bruining's place, founder of first coffeeshop, growshop and positronics and who!s lineage of hollands hope you are quoting. He invited Sam and Ed Rosenthal to join the green team, and eventually went with Sam's because his big claims about Skunk, which he brought along and turned out to be much better, especially in yield and flower to leaf ratio. You can hear that from Wernard's mouth in various interviews. It's what started the netherweed revolution and there's really no debate about that in NL. Pre skunk people barely sold and smoked flower, coffeeshops were hash shops.

And yes, like I said, once Sam brought over skunk they started crossing everything with it, including Viking.
 
curandero2012

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That's correct.Sam brought the Skunk with him to Holland.Skunk was also the first marijuana i smoked, but didn't liked the effect, so i began searching and got Purple Haze, which was much stronger and had a strong incense aroma i still like .
Later on everything was crossed with Skunk.In '95 there was White Widow on the Dutch market.

One of the first Skunk plants with Old Ed

old%20Ed%20in%20Greenhouse%201984kopie.jpg
 
jumpincactus

jumpincactus

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Sam came to Holland in ' 84, but at that time another American grower was already teaching how to grow descent marijuana with the genetics he brought with him.I'm talking about Old Ed, arrived in Holland in the year 1979.

Old%20Ed%20geeft%20uitleg.jpg


Hollands Hope was a cross of Skunk#1 x Viking.Viking was a strain with probably lineage of Afghani x Lebanese and a flowering time of 6 weeks.

veldje%20klaaskopie.jpg


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Purple pheno of Viking

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Very pretty flower right there. Not a huge fan of purps typically, but that is nice.
 
Bambi

Bambi

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The year in that story changes quite frequently. Pretty sure it was 2005 or 2006 lol. Nevil, first commercial pollen chucker who got success crossing mostly Sam's stock, disgruntled sensi ex employee, who sold his seedbank to sensi, went with Shanti and Arjen to start GHS, claiming they have more original originals than sensi. Since the origin of the haze and skunk in amsterdam has never been a mystery (Sam) and sensi and nevil were selling pretty much the same obvious crosses before they bought him out, the only way they could have more original originals is when sensi would lose theirs. Later shanti went to start mns and nevil joined and they built another a sensi-wannabe seedbank based on the same claims and stories, but about sensi and ghs. Can't believe anything nevil posted online, too many conflicts and holes in his stories.

That said, I doubt they do have the original clones of all or any for that matter. The real joke is that in many cases that doesn't matter...

What Nevil and others did was cross skunk, afghani, early girl, haze and others from Sam with everything. After a few years, every obvious 1-1 combination had been done and threeway crosses became more common. And fourway. At mns they are still stuck in that routine. There is a limited number of combinations. So instead of releasing another afghani kush x skunk people made up fancy names and origin stories involving remote locations and landraces. Some are true, many are a remix of the same cross with different phenos. Ego, fame and money are the ultimate goals perhaps but it was often about pretending to offer something new and different.
 

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