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How you doin farmers.
So was reading this article a little while ago, seems they have been doing some mri testing to look at plant tissue and the morphology on cells. Until recently only PET, MALDI, have been applied to this kind of stuff and from what ive read it doesnt stack up to what the results MRI gives you.
Just thought id share with you guys imagine the possibilities. Being able to see cells react to a topping. Watching those auxins scurry to the sight of the wound, I would really like to see this kind of stuff SCIENCE! BB.
Lets hope soon our scientists will be able to do it.
So here is the the first page long read but enjoyable. Ill shoot the link below it if you want to read the rest.
The Plant Journal (2012) 70, 129–146 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04927.x
HIGH-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENTS IN PLANT BIOLOGY
Surveying the plant’s world by magnetic resonance imaging
LjudmillaBorisjuk1,*,HardyRolletschek1 andThomasNeuberger2,3
1Leibniz-Instituteof PlantGenetics andCropPlant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße3, Gatersleben, Germany, 2Department ofBioengineering, PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark, PA16802,USA, and 3Huck Institutes of theLifeSciences, HighFieldMRI Facility, PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark, PA16802, USA
Received19October2011; revised 6January2012;accepted16January2012.
*Forcorrespondence(e-mail [email protected]).
SUMMARY
Understanding the way in which plants develop, grow and interact with their environment requires tools capable of a high degree of both spatial and temporal resolution. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a technique which is able to visualize internal structures and metabolites, has the great virtue that it is non-invasiveandthereforehas thepotential tomonitorphysiological processesoccurringinvivo. Themajor aimofthisreviewistoattractplantbiologiststoMRIbyexplainingitsadvantagesandwiderangeofpossible applications for solving outstanding issues in plant science.We discuss the challenges and opportunities of MRI in the study of plant physiology and development, plant–environment interactions, biodiversity, gene functionsandmetabolism.Overall,itisourviewthatthepotentialbenefitofharnessingMRIforplantresearch purposes ishard to overrate.
Keywords:MRI, seed, non-invasive imaging, plantmetabolism, abiotic/biotic stress, biodiversity.
INTRODUCTION
Magnetic resonance (MR) images derive from spatially encoded nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals. The first MR images (at that time better known as zeugmato- grams) were acquired less than 40 years ago by Lauterbur,
(1973). The non-invasiveness of MRI has encouraged its widespread adoption and continuing development as a clinical tool (Simon and Mattson, 1996), and its value was recognized by the scientific community in the awarding of the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine in 2003 to its inventors, LauterburandMansfield.
The earliest application ofMRI in the plant sciences was basedontheuseofaclinicalhumanNMRscanner(Hinshaw etal., 1979; Bottomleyetal., 1986), but with the size of the capital expenditure needed to equip and maintain a dedi- cated MRI facility, along with the rather modest spatial resolution achieved at the time, optical microscopy main- taineditsroleastheprimarymeansofexploringtheinternal structures of plants. At the same time, due to a number of technical issues specific to plants – in particular the wide diversity with respect to organism size and their sessile nature – plants probably did not represent an attractive subject for NMR scientists. With the advances in hardware developmentinthelastdecades,therealizationofultrahigh
magnetic fields, and the development of new imaging techniques,most of these problems havebeen solved, and the way has been paved for the application of MRI in plant research. Currently, however, the technique remains sur- prisingly underused, probably as a result of a widespread lack of awareness of its potential for solving outstanding issuesinplantphysiology.Thisreviewaimstohighlightthe currentpotentialofMRIforapplicationsinplantscience,and alsotoprovide aforwardlookat likelyfuturedevelopments in the technique.
WHYUSEMRI?
The principles by which MRI images are acquired differ fundamentally from those underlying conventional optical methods (Callaghan, 1993). The primary advantage of MRI is that both static and dynamic parameters canbe spatially resolved,butimportantly, thetechniquegeneratesdatain a non-destructivemanner from the interior of the sample. In this way, the morphology/anatomy of opaque samples of whateversize,formorcompositioncanbeimaged,whileat the same time allowing an assessment of a range of chemical parameters. Hence, this enables the visualization of the long-termdynamicbehaviourof livingplant tissue.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&sou...UJFjJfjRlgCV_zkYA&sig2=U8oEGECrDypFJL6jyA49Ug
Hope you enjoy.
Happy farmin. :(
So was reading this article a little while ago, seems they have been doing some mri testing to look at plant tissue and the morphology on cells. Until recently only PET, MALDI, have been applied to this kind of stuff and from what ive read it doesnt stack up to what the results MRI gives you.
Just thought id share with you guys imagine the possibilities. Being able to see cells react to a topping. Watching those auxins scurry to the sight of the wound, I would really like to see this kind of stuff SCIENCE! BB.
Lets hope soon our scientists will be able to do it.
So here is the the first page long read but enjoyable. Ill shoot the link below it if you want to read the rest.
The Plant Journal (2012) 70, 129–146 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04927.x
HIGH-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENTS IN PLANT BIOLOGY
Surveying the plant’s world by magnetic resonance imaging
LjudmillaBorisjuk1,*,HardyRolletschek1 andThomasNeuberger2,3
1Leibniz-Instituteof PlantGenetics andCropPlant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße3, Gatersleben, Germany, 2Department ofBioengineering, PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark, PA16802,USA, and 3Huck Institutes of theLifeSciences, HighFieldMRI Facility, PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark, PA16802, USA
Received19October2011; revised 6January2012;accepted16January2012.
*Forcorrespondence(e-mail [email protected]).
SUMMARY
Understanding the way in which plants develop, grow and interact with their environment requires tools capable of a high degree of both spatial and temporal resolution. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a technique which is able to visualize internal structures and metabolites, has the great virtue that it is non-invasiveandthereforehas thepotential tomonitorphysiological processesoccurringinvivo. Themajor aimofthisreviewistoattractplantbiologiststoMRIbyexplainingitsadvantagesandwiderangeofpossible applications for solving outstanding issues in plant science.We discuss the challenges and opportunities of MRI in the study of plant physiology and development, plant–environment interactions, biodiversity, gene functionsandmetabolism.Overall,itisourviewthatthepotentialbenefitofharnessingMRIforplantresearch purposes ishard to overrate.
Keywords:MRI, seed, non-invasive imaging, plantmetabolism, abiotic/biotic stress, biodiversity.
INTRODUCTION
Magnetic resonance (MR) images derive from spatially encoded nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals. The first MR images (at that time better known as zeugmato- grams) were acquired less than 40 years ago by Lauterbur,
(1973). The non-invasiveness of MRI has encouraged its widespread adoption and continuing development as a clinical tool (Simon and Mattson, 1996), and its value was recognized by the scientific community in the awarding of the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine in 2003 to its inventors, LauterburandMansfield.
The earliest application ofMRI in the plant sciences was basedontheuseofaclinicalhumanNMRscanner(Hinshaw etal., 1979; Bottomleyetal., 1986), but with the size of the capital expenditure needed to equip and maintain a dedi- cated MRI facility, along with the rather modest spatial resolution achieved at the time, optical microscopy main- taineditsroleastheprimarymeansofexploringtheinternal structures of plants. At the same time, due to a number of technical issues specific to plants – in particular the wide diversity with respect to organism size and their sessile nature – plants probably did not represent an attractive subject for NMR scientists. With the advances in hardware developmentinthelastdecades,therealizationofultrahigh
magnetic fields, and the development of new imaging techniques,most of these problems havebeen solved, and the way has been paved for the application of MRI in plant research. Currently, however, the technique remains sur- prisingly underused, probably as a result of a widespread lack of awareness of its potential for solving outstanding issuesinplantphysiology.Thisreviewaimstohighlightthe currentpotentialofMRIforapplicationsinplantscience,and alsotoprovide aforwardlookat likelyfuturedevelopments in the technique.
WHYUSEMRI?
The principles by which MRI images are acquired differ fundamentally from those underlying conventional optical methods (Callaghan, 1993). The primary advantage of MRI is that both static and dynamic parameters canbe spatially resolved,butimportantly, thetechniquegeneratesdatain a non-destructivemanner from the interior of the sample. In this way, the morphology/anatomy of opaque samples of whateversize,formorcompositioncanbeimaged,whileat the same time allowing an assessment of a range of chemical parameters. Hence, this enables the visualization of the long-termdynamicbehaviourof livingplant tissue.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&sou...UJFjJfjRlgCV_zkYA&sig2=U8oEGECrDypFJL6jyA49Ug
Hope you enjoy.
Happy farmin. :(
