Let's briefly go back to the practical side of things: I'm leaving out the results (videos, pictures, logs) from the last experiments with Mos. However, it is clear that the BioPak is very effective, causing a significant bacterial bloom in the tanks every time, just like in the previous experiments with food for the MOs.
As previously announced, an experiment was set up without MOs to compare the stable nutrient solution with fulvic and MOs from the beginning.
Tank(T90) with 75l nutrient solution prepared only with fulvic and inorganic fertilizers.
10 liters of this solution were then filled into two separate buckets, each containing 7.5 liters. The additives were mixed in 100ml of RO water, with an additional 100ml of water added without any additives in B1.
B1. Control
B2. + Tween20 (100ppm)
B3. + Tween20 (100ppm) & BioPak (10mg/l)
The behavior in T90 and B1 was identical, except for a slightly faster rise in pH in the first few hours. Tween20 caused a pH decrease in both buckets after a few days, which then increased again, independent of the MOs. B3 showed flocculation after four days, which mainly settled at the pump in the end. B2 looked clear, but has not been emptied yet. An update will follow.
1st Video from timestamp 021300 after 68h, 2nd after ~11 days
Very much stuff been in the pump after 10 days, significantly more than the 0.07g BioPak added. Clearly see that the MOs have utilized the Tween20.
T9, B1 and B2 looked good after more than 10 days, we can probably continue to work with Tween20. The pH fluctuation is within limits and could possibly still prove useful in conjunction with glycine. The increase observed on glycine needs to be further investigated by me, as GPT has already given me an explanation for this, which runs independently of the MOs.
Back to GPT: Here's a brief summary, the information was gathered in a very long chat and has not been checked by me in detail. There may be some errors in the examples, but the general process that PGPSs are mainly produced during the 2nd and 3rd phases, and only in the final phases are substances produced that can have antipathogenic effects, fits with high probability. Theorically, it explains in more detail why MOs in the tank make no sense against pathogens: without food, nothing happens, and with food, one also simultaneously promotes pathogens. By the time the anti-pathogenic effects of the Bennis take effect, pathogens may have already spread.
1. Dormancy stage:
- Endospores remain dormant until conditions become favorable again, at which point they can germinate and resume the life cycle. For example, B. subtilis endospores can remain dormant for long periods of time.
- Endospores are highly resistant to environmental stressors such as heat, desiccation, and UV radiation. For example, B. thuringiensis endospores are highly resistant to UV radiation.
2. Germination stage:
- Production of plant growth-promoting substances such as auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins, which stimulate plant growth. For example, B. subtilis produces auxins and gibberellins, while B. amyloliquefaciens produces auxins and cytokinins.
- Secretion of extracellular enzymes like proteases, amylases, and cellulases, that aid in nutrient acquisition from the soil. For example, B. amyloliquefaciens produces proteases, amylases, and cellulases.
3. Vegetative stage:
- Production of secondary metabolites like antibiotics, bacteriocins, and cyclic lipopeptides that have antimicrobial properties and protect the plant from diseases. For example, B. amyloliquefaciens produces the antibiotics bacillomycin D and fengycin, while B. thuringiensis produces the insecticidal toxin Cry protein.
- Secretion of siderophores that chelate iron and make it available to the plant for use. For example, B. subtilis produces the siderophore bacillibactin.
- Production of enzymes like chitinases and glucanases that degrade fungal cell walls and inhibit fungal growth. For example, B. subtilis produces chitinases and glucanases.
4. Sporulation stage:
- Production of endospores that can persist in the soil for long periods of time and provide a reservoir for re-growth. For example, B. polymyxa produces endospores.
- Ceases production of growth-promoting substances and instead synthesizes spore-specific proteins and enzymes that enable the bacteria to survive harsh conditions. For example, B. amyloliquefaciens produces spore-specific proteins and enzymes during sporulation.
5. Stage of Death:
- As Bacillus cells die, they release nutrients and organic matter into the soil, which can contribute to the overall soil fertility.
- Some Bacillus species, like B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens, produce spore-specific lytic enzymes that can degrade their own cells and release nutrients back into the environment.
- The breakdown of Bacillus cells can also contribute to the release of secondary metabolites like antibiotics and bacteriocins, which can continue to have antimicrobial effects even after the cells have died.
- The stage of death can also provide an opportunity for other soil microbes to use the Bacillus cells as a source of nutrients or to colonize the newly available niche in the soil.
So, now let's summarize everything: Results in the tank without food for MOs are identical with and without added PGPMs. Theoretically, it can also be explained that spores do not mature further without nutrients, even if they become moist. This also explains why there are so many liquid products (just take a look at professional websites). The next information from manics that are not valid imho.
