Basically what were after is the cannabinoids that have good annticonvulsant potential. Since anticonvulsants also act as
mood stabilizers, and for the treatment of
neuropathic pain, that should give some clues.
Conventional antiepileptic drugs block sodium channels or enhance γ-aminobutyric acid (
GABA) function. Several other antiepileptic drugs have multiple or uncertain mechanisms of action. Additional targets include voltage-gated
calcium channels,
SV2A, and α2δ. By blocking sodium or calcium channels, antiepileptic drugs reduce the release of excitatory
glutamate, whose release is considered to be elevated in epilepsy, but also that of GABA.
I believe the main mechanism for cannabis probably centers around GABA receptors, and possibly some involvement of Glutamate. Cannabis that have a similar response to benzodiazapine type medications ( Valium, Librium, Midazolam) hold the most promise, IMO. Benzo's whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a
benzene ring and a
diazepine ring are the model that should be used for comparison.
These types of compounds result in
sedative,
hypnotic (
sleep-inducing),
anxiolytic (anti-anxiety),
anticonvulsant, and
muscle relaxant properties. There all in a very similar vein. Modulating Serotonin uptake is the key transmitter in this endeavor.
Other strains of cannabis seem to have many other type of undesirable effects, strains like "green crack" for instance, seem to have almost a norepinephrine/epinephrine (adrenaline) pathway, which is obviously undesirable but useful for other obvious reasons. Whereas, thing like CBD tend to target the dopamine pathway, stimulates the adenosine receptor to encourage the release of glutamate and
dopamine neurotransmitters.
It certainly is a fascinating subject, for sure.